A vector graphic is a computer image that is comprised of primitives such as lines, circles, curves and polygons.
For example, to save an image of a circle, a vector graphic requires at least two values: the location of the circle's centre and the diameter.
In addition to the parameters (form and position) of the primitives, the colour, stroke width, various fill patterns and other data that
determine the appearance are also provided.
A circle in a pixel image consists of countless pixels that are arranged in a circle, but are independent from each other. The size of the circle
cannot be incrementally increased without loss of quality.
In contrast with raster graphics, vector graphics can be incrementally scaled and distorted without loss of quality. In addition, with vector
graphics the properties of the individual lines, curves and planes remain intact and can be edited at a later stage.
Vectorisations are highly complicated processes that calculate and generate the primitives of a vector graphic from loose pixels.
Many PDF, DWF, EPS and HPGL files contain inserted raster images. TIFF and JPEG files consist solely of raster images. Raster images can be rotated, mirrored,
and scaled and inserted at any desired location. Many PDF files consist of inserted tiled raster images, which allows the file structure to be fluently
displayed on the screen. Other PDF files, however, are a mix of native PDF elements such as text, circles, lines, etc. and many small raster images.
Vectorising the images in TIFF, JPEG and especially in PDF represents a special challenge, which was optimally resolved in PDF FormulaCAD™
and PDF FormulaCAD™.
The PDF FormulaCAD™ 2009 program uses very sophisticated computer methods to convert raster
images into lines, circles and curves. Nevertheless, this is a difficult task that is highly dependent on the quality of the raster images.
A raster image with sharp transitions between colours and with uninterrupted, thin pixel strings is optimal for vectorisation.
The complete opposite example is a raster image of very bad quality, which does not make vectorisation ideal.
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